Abstract Rationale Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors play an important role
in perception, affect regulation and attention. Pharmacological challenge with the 5-HT 2A
agonist psilocybin (PY) is useful in studying the neurobiological basis of cognition and …

… 1963." Further Support for a Placebo Effect in the Rat." Psychological Reports, 13: 461-462.
Sapirstein, G. 1995." The Effectiveness of Placebos in the Treatment of Depression: A
Meta-analysis." Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univer- sity of Connecticut, Storrs …

… Findings suggest that psychological variables such as motivation, expectancy and conditioning …
the possibility of a dose-response relationship to placebos presented as … Having observed
potentially negative placebo (nocebo) effects associated with the administration of caffeine …

… the psychologic or placebo factors that no longer can be He lists three psychological factors that …
Psychodynamic and condi- tional reflex actions of placebos are discussed by Kurland (1957)
who … Psychotherapy and the placebo effect is discussed by Rosenthal and Frank (1956 …

… The recommendation must be that credibility, or a similar index of psychological impact, be
routinely … 8 23 Dowson D, Lewith GT, Machin D. The effects of acupuncture versus placebo in
the … Clin J Pain 1989;5:305-12 26 Richardson P. Placebos: their effectiveness and mode of …

… Reflections on the Placebo Phenomenon Howard Spiro 56 3 The Nocebo Phenomenon: Scope …
Reich, J. 1990." The Effect of Personality on Placebo Response in Panic Patients … 1981." An
Expectancy-attribution Model of the Effects of Placebos." Psychological Review, 88: 408 …

… is to measure the effect of interventions that actually are used as placebos in clinical … of
patient-provider interaction is not to be regarded as a synonym for psychological effects or includes …
The first main problem is to assure that the term placebo effect meant a causal relation …

… Critelli JW, Neumann KF: The placebo. Conceptual analysis of a construct in transition … Brody
H: The lie that heals: The ethics of giving placebos. Ann Internal Med 97:112-118, 1982 15 … Wankel
LM, Berger BG: The psychological and social benefits of sport and physical activity …

… treatment can be called the “placebo effect” when they are desirable and the “nocebo effect”
(46) when … Kirsch I and Scorboria A . Apples, oranges, and placebos: heterogeneity in a
meta-analysis of … Demonstration to medical students of placebo responses and non-drug factors …

The research on well‐being and physical exercise point to the possibility of a placebo effect.
This study analyzes the effect of expectancy manipulation on psychological (well‐being and
self‐esteem) and physical (agility and cardiorespiratory fitness) outcomes after a seven …