Dinoflagellates are an important component of the extant eukaryotic plankton. Their organic-walled,
hypnozygotic cysts (dinocysts) provide a rich, albeit incomplete, history of the group …

Changes in the orbital parameters, solar output, and ocean circulation are widely considered
as main drivers of the Holocene climate. Yet, the interaction between these forcings and …

The change from a warm, ice-free greenhouse world to the glacial Antarctic icehouse occurred
during the latest Eocene–earliest Oligocene. Prior to this, during the Early–Middle Eocene…

The late Paleocene thermal maximum, or LPTM (ca. 55 Ma), represents a geologically brief
time interval (∼220 ky) characterized by profound global warming and associated …

The history of the Arctic Ocean during the Cenozoic era (0–65 million years ago) is largely
unknown from direct evidence. Here we present a Cenozoic palaeoceanographic record …

Dinoflagellates occur mostly as organic-walled microfossils in Mesozoic-Cenozoic rocks.
Because of the resistant nature of their wall and the almost ubiquitous presence of an …

It has been suggested, on the basis of modern hydrology and fully coupled palaeoclimate
simulations, that the warm greenhouse conditions 1 that characterized the early Palaeogene …

Dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifers have been studied from the Cretaceous/Tertiary
(K/T) boundary interval at El Haria (northwest Tunisia). A high-resolution integrated …

The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum, ∼55 million years ago, was a brief period of
widespread, extreme climatic warming 1 , 2 , 3 , that was associated with massive atmospheric …

About 34 million years ago, Earth's climate shifted from a relatively ice-free world to one with
glacial conditions on Antarctica characterized by substantial ice sheets. How Earth's …