Unexpected sudden catastrophic shifts may occur in ecosystems, with concomitant losses or
gains of ecological and economic resources. Such shifts have been theoretically attributed …

Drought as an intermittent disturbance of the water cycle interacts with the carbon cycle
differently than the ‘gradual’ climate change. During drought plants respond physiologically and …

Responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change have been explored in many regions
worldwide. While continued drying and warming may alter process rates and deteriorate the …

Recent studies have concluded that release from native soil pathogens may explain invasion
of exotic plant species. However, release from soil enemies does not explain all plant …

Measuring concentrations and sizes of micro- and nanoplastics in the environment is essential
to assess the risks plastic particles could pose. Microplastics have been detected globally …

A principle response of C3 plants to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 (CO 2 )
is to reduce transpirational water loss by decreasing stomatal conductance (g s ) and …

Tree transpiration in the Amazon may enhance rainfall for downwind forests. Until now it has
been unclear how this cascading effect plays out across the basin. Here, we calculate local …

Assessment methods on data quality and environmental variability are lacking for microplastics
(MP). Here we assess occurrence and variability of MP number concentrations in two …

Tropical forests modify the conditions they depend on through feedbacks at different spatial
scales. These feedbacks shape the hysteresis (history-dependence) of tropical forests, thus …

The US is currently the world's largest ethanol producer. An increasing percentage is used
as transportation fuel, but debates continue on its costs competitiveness and energy balance. …