Aldehydes constitute a group of relatively reactive organic compounds. They occur as natural
(flavoring) constituents in a wide variety of foods and food components, often in relatively …

A risk assessment has been made on nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds encountered
in the human diet. Vegetables constitute a major source of nitrate providing over 85% of the …

A major objective of combination toxicology is to establish whether a mixture of chemicals
will result in an effect similar to that expected on the basis of additivity. This requires …

This paper addresses major developments in the safety evaluation of chemical mixtures
during the past 15 years, reviews today's state of the art of mixture toxicology, and discusses …

This publication is the seventh in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel
of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a …

Acrolein is widely known for its acrid pungent odor and strong irritating effects on mucous
membranes, especially the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Approximately 500 million lb are …

Male and female Wistar rats were exposed to acetaldehyde vapour at nominal concentrations
of 0, 750, 1500 or 3000/1000 ppm during 6 h/day, 5 days/week for up to 28 months. Major …

Humans are exposed to mixtures of chemicals, rather than to individual chemicals. From a
public health point of view, it is most relevant to answer the question of whether or not the …

A scientifically based guide has been developed to evaluate the safety of naturally occurring
mixtures, particularly essential oils, for their intended use as flavor ingredients. The …

… Woutersen RA, van Garderen-Hoetmer A, Slootweg PJ, Feron VJ. Upper respiratory tract …
Kuper CF, Woutersen RA, Slootweg PJ, Feron VJ. Carcinogenic response of the nasal …